Sarah Moore, M. Samantha Wells, Melissa Wilson, Russ Gesch, and Roger Becker - UMN Double-cropping is a system of farming where a second crop is planted in the same field after the harvest of the first crop. The double-cropped system can increase ecological services as well as provide additional income to farmers by increasing the amount of living cover on the landscape, often accomplished by rotating a winter annual and a summer annual (Figure 1). In the upper Midwest, few winter annual crops reliably survive the harsh winters (e.g., cereal rye). However, researchers are developing an oilseed crop, pennycress, that can serve as a new winter annual for the region. Figure 1. Pennycress double-crop systems contrasted by cover crop and non-cover crop systems. Double-cropping can bring many benefits to a farm, but also comes with risks. Additional crops can increase input costs, and for farmers to adopt a practice, it must be economically fruitful. Also, the upper Midwest has a